domingo, 8 de novembro de 2015

Epidemia de sífilis e desabastecimento de penicilina

No dia 29 de setembro, a Comissão de Seguridade Social e Família da Câmara dos Deputados realizou audiência pública para discutir a crise de assistência farmacêutica no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Participantes do debate demonstraram preocupação com a crise de abastecimento de penicilina, único medicamento capaz de combater a sífilis. O país registra um aumento de quase 1000% de incidência de sífilis em grávidas a partir de 2013.


Alexandre Cunha, infectologista e coordenador de comunicação da Sociedade Brasileira de Infectologia disse na audiência pública que não é a falta do uso de penicilina que trouxe o aumento da sífilis no Brasil. "Atendo gente com sífilis em todas as classes", acrescentou. Cunha complementa que a ausência do uso de preservativo pode ser uma explicação para o crescimento. "Os dados são chocantes", disse.
A diretora do Departamento de DSTs do Ministério da Saúde disse, no entanto, que, embora a falta de medicamentos não seja a causa da sífilis, o desabastecimento da penicilina tem contribuído para o aumento de mortes por sífilis congênita no país. Segundo a diretora, 41% dos estados estão com estoque zero do produto e 59% já relatam algum tipo de desabastecimento.
O governo garante que há recursos para a aquisição de penicilina. O diretor do Departamento de Assistência Farmacêutica do Ministério da Saúde, José Miguel do Nascimento Júnior, assegurou que o ministério tem atuado para resolver o desabastecimento do medicamento e combater a sífilis congênita.

Imagem ilustrando a sífilis congênita

"Estamos solicitando a ampliação da produção e da distribuição em todo o território nacional. Estamos comprando da Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde a penicilina para uso no combate à sífilis", informou. Ele disse que no começo de 2016 cerca de dois milhões de frascos estarão disponíveis para serem distribuídos no país. Outra ação do governo, segundo o diretor, é a compra, por dispensa de licitação, de 700 mil frascos do produto para entrega imediata nos próximos 30 dias.

Municípios - A representante do Conselho Federal de Farmácia, Mônica Holtz Cavicholo, afirmou que os municípios possuem recursos financeiros para a aquisição da penicilina. Segundo ela, a compra da penicilina é de responsabilidade do gestor municipal e essa determinação está pactuada no SUS: "O subfinanciamento do SUS é uma realidade, mas as compras existem e em muitos casos há aplicação de recursos significativos."
De acordo com a debatedora, entre as dificuldades encontradas pelos gestores municipais que contribuem para a crise de abastecimento, estão, além do aumento da demanda, a não regularidade do fornecimento; fracassos em processos licitatórios; descumprimento de exigências de edital; altas de preços; problemas com fornecimento de matéria-prima; e limitações de quantitativo para importação da matéria-prima.
"Há dependência da matéria-prima estrangeira, insuficiência da produção nacional para atender às redes pública e privada, falta de interesse da indústria e falta da regulação que garanta a produção", disse.


Medidas - Mônica Cavicholo sugeriu providências para conter a crise de abastecimento de penicilina, como indicá-la para o uso de apenas algumas patologias, como a sífilis, de acordo com recomendações do Ministério da Saúde. "Também é importante que sejam criadas políticas de pesquisa e desenvolvimento do parque fabril e que haja um financiamento sustentável e um sistema de abastecimento confiável, além de acompanhamento para tomada de decisões rápidas nos casos de desabastecimento", completou.


Fonte: Conselho Federal de Farmácia

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